Front Cover; Handbook of the Neuroscience of Language; Copyright Page; Contents; Contributors; Preface; Prologue; PART I: METHODS AND TECHNIQUES; Chapter 1. Classical and Contemporary Assessment of Aphasia and Acquired Disorders of Language; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Nature of Language Deficits; 1.3. Theoretical Models for the Assessment of Language Impairment; 1.4. Classical Tests and Aphasia Assessment Procedures; 1.5 Classical Tests for the Assessment of Language Impairment in Special Populations; 1.6. Interface between Language and Other Cognitive Functions. 1.7. Challenges and Future DirectionsChapter 2. The Hypothesis Testing Approach to the Assessment of Language; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. What is the Hypothesis Testing Approach to Assessment?; 2.3. Hypothesis Testing of Language Impairment: Assessment Resources and Considerations; 2.4. Summary and Conclusions; 2.5. Challenges and Future Directions; Appendix -- Hypothesis Testing: A Worked Example; Chapter 3. The Intracarotid Amobarbital Test (Wada Test) and Complementary Procedures to Evaluate Language Before Epilepsy Surgery; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Historical Background. 3.3. Current Clinical Use of the IAT3.4. Rationale Underlying the IAT Procedure; 3.5. Components of the IAT Procedure; 3.6. Problems and Considerations in IAT Protocol Administration and Interpretation; 3.7. IAT in Pediatric Populations; 3.8. Validation and Reliability Studies; 3.9. Supplementary and Alternative Techniques for Establishing Language Lateralization; 3.10. Challenges and Future Directions; Chapter 4. Architectonic Language Research; 4.1. Introduction; 4.2. Broca's Region; 4.3. Wernicke's Region; 4.4. Other Regions Involved in Language. 4.5. Interhemispheric Cytoarchitectonic Differences4.6. Cytoarchitectonic Maps for the Analysis of Language; 4.7. Challenges and Future Directions; Chapter 5. Microgenesis of Language: Vertical Integration of Linguistic Mechanisms Across the Neuraxis; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Principles of Brain Structure and Function; 5.3. From Anatomical Structure to Neurolinguistic Function; 5.4. Time Dynamics of Fronto-Temporal Activations; 5.5. Vertical Integration: Coordination of Internal and External Contexts for Meaning; 5.6. Challenges and Future Directions: Levels of Brain, Levels of Language? Chapter 6. A Brief Introduction to Common Neuroimaging Techniques6.1. Introduction; 6.2. Electromagnetic Functional Neuroimaging Techniques; 6.3. Hemodynamic Functional Neuroimaging Techniques; 6.4. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation; 6.5. Near-Infrared Spectroscopy; 6.6. Challenges and Future Directions; PART II: NEUROIMAGING OF LANGUAGE; Chapter 7. PET Research of Language; 7.1. Introduction; 7.2. PET versus fMRI -- Some Methodological Issues; 7.3. Crucial PET Findings; 7.4. Challenges and Future Directions.