TY - BOOK AU - Jenicek,Milos TI - Writing, reading, and understanding in modern health sciences: medical articles and other forms of communication SN - 9781482226454 (paperback) AV - R119 .J46 2014 U1 - 808.066 61 JEN 23 PY - 2014/// CY - Boca Raton PB - CRC Press,Taylor & Francis KW - Writing KW - Periodicals as Topic KW - Publishing KW - Research Report N1 - Includes bibliographical references and index; Essays as Communication Tools Introduction General Types of Essays Nature and Purpose of Essays Structure of Essays Health Sciences Essays as an Exercise in Rhetoric: An Argumentative/Persuasive Essay Let Us Conclude References Research-Based Medical Article: Writing What Is Considered the Most Important Type of Written Medical Article Introduction The IMRAD Format Overview of the IMRAD Format Comments on Additional IMRAD Elements IMRAD Preceding Entities: Identifications IMRAD Following Entities: Contextual and Collateral Information that Follows the IMRAD Core of the Article 2.3 Lab Report Format Thinking Beyond Editorial Expectations for Structure, Language, and Style: The Scientific Method behind Research and Ensuing Medical Articles Steps of the Scientific Method The Business Method and Format: Medical Article as a Business Report Qualitative Research-Based and Case Studies-Based Articles and Their Format Conclusions: Back to the Article as a Communication Tool References Thesis: A Key Feature of the Medical Article "Introduction"-Seven Cornerstones for Reporting a Research-Based Study Introduction Our Thesis of This Chapter Article in Health Sciences as an Argumentative Path Research Thesis and Its Seven Cornerstones that Define Both Research and the Presentation of Its Results as a Written or Oral Communication Seven Cornerstones of Research Paper Design and Development Research Problem or Topic of Interest: "About What Do We Wish to Talk?" Critically Appraised Best Evidence Available: "Where Are We Now?" Objectives of a Research Study: "Why Do We Do All This and What Do We Want to Achieve?" Research Hypothesis: "What Is Our Idea about the Nature of the Problem to Be Elucidated?" Research Question as a Formulation of the Research Problem: "What Is Then an Answerable Question about Our Hypothesized Problem?" Definitions Used: The Essence of Understanding: "How Do We Delineate the Meaning of Everything We Are Using and Working with?" Context and Setting of the Study: "What Is the Reality of All Happenings in Which the Study Is Valid?" Let Us Conclude References Definitions: A Key Feature of the "Material and Methods" Section of a Medical Article Introduction What Might Then Be a Thesis for This Chapter as an Essay? What Are Definitions and Their Type in General? The Sort of Definitions We Use Definitions in Medicine and Health Sciences and Their Subject Why Are Definitions So Important? Types of Definitions in Current Medical Research and Practice Uses Desirable Qualities and Attributes of Definitions in General Desirable Qualities and Attributes of Definitions in Medicine and Other Health Sciences The Challenge of Composite Definitions Adjectives and Other Challenges of Definitions Let Us Conclude References Reporting Research Critically and the Argumentative Way: A Key Feature of the "Results" and "Discussion" Sections of a Medical Article Introduction A Thesis for This Essay-Type Chapter? What Exactly Is Critical Thinking in Medicine? Do We Argue in Medicine? A Word about Argumentation and Argument in Medicine as an Exercise in Critical Thinking IMRAD Structure, Format and Content The "Modern" Argument and Its Building Blocks Hence, Does All of This Fit the IMRAD Format? Let Us Conclude Some Recommendations to Authors and Readers of Articles in Health Sciences References Cause-Effect Relationships: A Key Feature of the "Discussion" and "Conclusion" Sections of a Medical Article Introduction Classification of Medical Articles and Their Underlying Studies from the Causal Standpoint Challenges of Understanding and Communication of Cause-Effect Relationships Criteria for Accepting Etiology or Other Cause-Effect Relationships Causality-Oriented Medical Article as Subject of Critical Appraisal A Word about Reporting Meta-Analyses and Systematic Reviews Articles A Word about Clinical Practice Guidelines Articles Let Us Conclude What Next, and What Should We Do in the World of Cause-and- Effect Relationships in Medical Communication? References Challenges of Clinical Case Reporting: Casus Clinicus Revisitus and Redivivus Introduction What Might We Propose as a Thesis for This Essay? What Will Be Covered? Fundamental Considerations and Gnostic Classification of Clinical Case Reports Case Reporting Topics Types of Case Reporting The "Classical" Clinical Case Report A Clinical Vignette A Case Series Report Structure and Organization of Case Reporting The Message Itself and Ways to Convey It in an Argumentative Manner Challenges of Causal Proof Sought in Single or Few Clinical Cases Epidemiological Demonstration of Causality Based on Frequent Cases Considerations of Causality in Clinical Pharmacology: The Mainly NonEpidemiological Study of Infrequent Cases Considerations of Causality in "Cognition-Based" Medicine; NonEpidemiological Reasoning Focused on Specific Cases Single Subject Research Design Other Ways of Considering Causality Qualitative Research and "Case Study" Methodology from Other Domains: Error and Harm Inquiry (From "Valued" Events to "Bad" Events Evaluation and Reporting) Let Us Conclude References Medical Ethics and Publication Ethics Introduction The General Framework of Medical and Research Ethics Scientific or Research Misconduct Publication and Editorial Misconduct Referencing in Medical Articles as an Example of a Challenging Tool for Scientific and Publication Misconduct Conflict of Interest and Its Disclosure Let Us Conclude References Concluding Remarks and Summary: Future Ways of Knowledge Communication Introduction The Content: About What Are We Writing? The Form, Format and Content: How Do We Make Ourselves Clear? A Reminder about Article Format A Reminder about Article Content Let Us Conclude How to Write an Evidence-Based Argumentative Medical Article References Glossary N2 - "Today, information in a medical article must include not only research activities and findings, but also strategic, managerial, and administrative ones. It might include planning, political, cultural, spiritual and other social aspects as well as experience in healthcare, health protection, disease prevention, and health promotion. This book is designed to help the authors of medical articles communicate better in today's practice and health research environment. It explores the most effective practices for communicating using three medical literature formats: scientific articles, articles where the subject is not based on the scientific method, and business reports"--Provided by publisher ER -