Includes bibliographies and index.

I Neuropsychological Assessment.- 1 Assessment of Cognitive Deficit in the Brain-Injured Patient.- The Nature of Neuropsychological Deficits.- Localizing versus Nonlocalizing Deficits.- The Nonspecific (Nonlocalizing) Deficits.- Lateralizing and Localizing Signs and Deficits.- Left Parietal Lobe Disorders.- Symptoms of Right Hemisphere Disorder.- Frontal Lobe Signs.- Selective Disorders of Memory (Amnesic Syndromes).- Agnosias.- Test Battery.- Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (1955).- Wechsler Memory Scale (1945).- Testing Language Function.- Testing Visuospatial Functions.- "Frontal Lobe" Tests.- Case Illustration.- Conclusion.- References.- II Cortical Lobes and Function.- 2 The Frontal Lobes.- Introduction: Past Obstacles to a Description of the Frontal Syndrome.- Functional Characteristics of the Posterior Frontal Regions.- The Prefrontal Regions.- The Orbitofrontal Cortex, the Limbic System, and Emotion.- Psychiatric Surgery.- Lateral Surface of the Prefrontal Cortex.- Conclusion.- References.- 3 Parietooccipital Symptomology: The Split-Brain Perspective.- Constructional Apraxia.- Astereognosia.- Finger Agnosia.- Unilateral Spatial Agnosia.- Visual Agnosias: Apperceptive, Associative, and Face Agnosia.- Alexia without Agraphia.- Conclusions.- References.- 4 The Temporal Lobes: An Approach to the Study of Organic Behavioral Changes.- Selection of Variables for Scientific Study of Organic Behavioral Changes.- Behavioral Effects of a Localized Neurological Process: Temporal Lobe Epilepsy.- Implications for the Study of the Neuroanatomy of Emotion.- Prolegomena.- References.- III Developmental Neuropsychology.- 5 Aspects of Normal and Abnormal Neuropsychological Development.- The Theoretical Frame of Reference.- The Triune Brain.- Protoreptilian Brain-Graven Image-Level I.- Paleomammalian Brain-Lethe-Level II.- Neomammalian Brain-The Guru-Level III.- Implications of the Triune Brain Model for Developmental.- Neuropsychology.- Developmental Neurology.- Level I.- Level II.- Level III.- Developmental Psychology.- Abnormal Neuropsychological Development.- References.- 6 Minimal Brain Dysfunction: Psychological and Neurophysiological Disorders in Hyperkinetic Children.- The Hyperkinetic Disorder.- The HK Syndrome.- Attention and Impulse Control.- Effects of Stimulant Medication.- Electrophysiological Signs in Hyperkinetic Children.- Electroencephalography.- Autonomic Measures of Arousal Responses.- Cortical Evoked Potentials (EPs).- The HK Syndrome and Frontal Lobe Dysfunctions.- References.- IV Language Mechanisms and Their Disorders.- 7 Speech Perception and the Biology of Language.- Some Fundamentals.- Categorical Perception.- Role of Task Factors.- Categorical Phenomena with Nonspeech.- Developmental and Comparative Investigations.- Selective Adaptation.- Functional Locus of Adaptation-Some Considerations.- Experimental Tests.- Developmental and Comparative Aspects of Adaptation Phenomena.- The Right Ear Advantage in Dichotic Listening.- Asymmetry of Processing or Output?.- The Case for Two Left Hemisphere Mechanisms.- Developmental and Comparative Inquiries.- Summary and Further Questions.- References.- 8 Origins and Distribution of Language.- Evolution of Language.- Cognitive Prerequisites.- Origins of Speech.- Distribution of Language Functions in the Brain.- Hemispheric Specialization for Language.- Changes in Language Distribution during Ontogeny.- Distribution of Language in the Left Hemisphere.- Subcortical Structures and Language.- Some Implications for Language Origins.- References.- 9 Thalamic Mechanisms in Language.- Degenerative Lesions.- Vascular Lesions.- Unilateral Cases.- Bilateral Cases.- Neoplastic Lesions.- Surgical Lesions.- Pulvinectomy.- Medial Geniculotomy.- Discussion.- References.- 10 Aphasias.- History.- Neurolinguistic Classification and Description of Aphasias.- Disorders of Oral Language.- Disorders of Written Language.- Anatomical Basis of Language.- Hemispheric Representation of Language.- Neuropsychological Evidence Supporting the Notion of Right Hemisphere Participation in the Language Function.- Compensatory Role of the Right Hemisphere in Aphasia.- Aphasia in Left-Handers.- Childhood Aphasia.- Final Remarks.- References.- V General Issues in Brain Mechanisms and Behavior.- 11 Origins and Mechanisms in the Establishment of Cerebral Dominance.- A First Look at the Problem.- Embryogeny of Left-Right Differences.- Emhryogeny of a Right and a Left Half.- Do Genes Determine Right-Left Differences in Development?.- Decoding of Asymmetries.- Survey of CNS Anatomical Asymmetries.- Somatic and Neural Asymmetries in Invertebrates.- Habenular Asymmetries in Lower Vertebrates.- Hemispheric Asymmetries in Primates.- Right-Left Functional Asymmetries in the Brains of Primates.- Hemispheric Differences in Motor Control.- Hemispheric Differences in the Processing of Sounds.- Left Hemisphere Advantage for Processing Temporal Information.- Perceptual or Memory Impairment?.- Search for Hemispheric Dominance in Macaques.- Ontogeny of Hemispheric Function in Humans.- Incompatibility of Processes?.- Effects of "Crowding".- A Price to Hemispheric Dominance?.- Hypoglossal and Hemispheric Dominance in Songbirds.- Overview and Summary.- References.- 12 Electrophysiological Analysis of Human Brain Function.- Types of Event-Related Potentials.- Sensory Evoked Potentials, Perceptual Deficits, and Neurological Disorders.- Auditory EPs from the Brain Stem.- Visual EPs to Patterned Stimuli.- ERPs and Selective Information Processing.- Theories of Selective Attention.- ERPs and Psychological Constructs.- Vertex Potentials and Selective Attention.- The P3 Wave and Selective Attention.- ERPs and "Stages" of Selection.- Late Positive ERPs and the Orienting Response.- Clinical Relevance of ERP Approaches.- ERPs, Language Processing, and Hemispheric Specialization.- Brief Survey of Previous Neurolinguistic Research.- Electrophysiology of Natural Speech Processing.- References.- 13 Information Processing and the Cerebral Hemispheres.- Functional Locus of Hemispheric Asymmetries.- Somesthesis.- Audition.- Discrepancies with the Model.- Speculation about the Structural Locus at Which Hemispheric Asymmetries Emerge.- Information Processing beyond the Locus at Which Hemispheric Asymmetries Emerge.- Episodic Memory.- Semantic Memory.- Frontal Lobes.- Transmitted Lateralization and Implications for Models of Hemispheric Organization: Similarities and Differences between Corresponding, Higher-Order Structures in the Left and Right Hemispheres.- Recapitulation.- Nature of Hemispheric Differences.- Sequential-Processing Hypothesis.- Analytic-Holistic Hypothesis.- Dual Processing.- Attention.- Principles of Attention Theory.- Hemispheric Priming.- Interference.- Automatic Processing.- Attention and Brain Damage.- Taking Stock.- References.- 14 The Neuropsychological Basis of Skilled Movement in Man.- Definition of the Problem.- Disorders of Skilled Movement (Apraxia) from Callosal Lesions.- Disorders of Skilled Movement (Apraxia) from Left Hemisphere Lesions.- Acquisition of Skill by the Left Hemisphere.- Role of the Right Hemisphere in Skilled Movement.- Left Hemisphere Mechanisms Used in the Processing of Skilled Movements.- Skilled Movements Used in Speech and Writing.- References.- VI Disorders of Psychological Processes Following Brain Damage.- 15 Cerebral Mechanisms of Information Storage: The Problem of Memory.- A Review of Some Theory in the Psychology of Memory.- A Review of Related Work on the Effects of Brain Damage and Brain Stimulation on Memory.- Temporal Lobe Amnesia.- Korsakoff Syndrome.- Alcoholic Blackout.- Direct Stimulation.- Frontal Lobes.- Conduction Aphasia, the Repetition Deficit, and the Model of Memory.- Retrograde Amnesia.- Theories of Amnesia.- Conclusion.- References.- 16 Long-Term Psychological Consequences of Cerebral Lesions.- Focal Brain Injury.- Language Disorders.- Disorders of Motor Control.- Visual-Perceptual Deficits.- Sensory Deficits and Complex Perceptual Tasks.- Contribution of the Right Hemisphere.- Persistence of the Deficits.- Memory Disorders.- Deficits Associated with Frontal Lobe Lesions.- Deficits Associated with Bilateral Lesions.- Diffuse Brain Damage.- Closed Head Injury.- Dementia.- Discussion.- Conceptual Framework.- Severity of Lesion as a Prognostic Factor.- Psychometric Approach.- Recovery and Motivation: The Individual and His Environment.- References.- VII Toward Understanding the Mechanisms of Consciousness.- 17 Beyond Commissurotomy: Clues to Consciousness.- Split Consciousness.- Verbal Attribution and the Sociology of Mind.- Emotion and Consciousness.- References.