Includes bibliographical references and index.

Assessing the Needs of Young Children in Early Childhood Special Education:

A Focus on Best Practices for Effective Intervention and Development





Part I Foundations of Assessment in Early Childhood Special Education



Chapter One: Introduction to Children with Special Needs

History of Early Childhood Special Education

History of Assessment

Overview of Text

Part I: Foundations of Assessment in ECSE

Part II: Assessment Approaches and Considerations

Part III: Developmental Domains

Using the Text

Conclusion



Chapter Two: Legal Issues

Chapter Objectives

Assessing Huan

History of Legislation

The Public Law (P.L. 94-142)

Breakpoint Practice

The Individual with Disabilities Education Act

Structure of the IDEA

Part B Services

Part C Services

Breakpoint Practice

Key Provisions of Part C Services

Interagency Coordinating Councils

Assessment and Eligibility

Natural Environments

Individualized Family Service Plan

Breakpoint Practice

No Child Left Behind and IDEIA

Early Childhood Special Education Assessment and Legal Trends

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Huan

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Three: Family Diversity and Assessment

Chapter Objectives

Assessing Sarah

Diversity in America Today

Family Systems Theory

Boundaries

Roles

Rules

Hierarchy

Equilibrium

Breakpoint Practice

Culture Defined

Race and Ethnicity

Gender

Religion

Age

Geography

Income

Language

Contextualizing Culture

Breakpoint Practice

Family Centered Service Delivery

Breakpoint Practice

Knowledge for Developing Cultural Competencies

Breakpoint Practice

Skills for Developing Cultural Competency

Breakpoint Practice

Steps for Self-Reflection

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Sarah

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Four: Collaboration



Chapter Objectives

Assessing Michelle

Collaboration

Breakpoint Practice

Team Process

Collaboration Models

Multidisciplinary Approach

Interdisciplinary Approach

Transdisciplinary Approach

Breakpoint Practice

Best Collaboration Practice

Breakpoint Practice

Fostering Collaborative Assessment Relationships

Breakpoint Practice

Effective Communication

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Michelle

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Part II Assessment Approaches and Considerations



Chapter Five: Technical Aspects of Assessment



Chapter Objectives

Assessing Judy

Norm-Reverenced, Standardized Testing

Application to the Classroom

Reliability

Breakpoint Practice

Reliability Types

Breakpoint Practice

Validity

Validity Types

Breakpoint Practice

Curriculum-Based Measurement and Validity and Reliability

Curriculum-Based Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Norms and Testing

Breakpoint Practice

Breakpoint Practice

Breakpoint Practice

Breakpoint Practice

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Judy

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Six: Assessment Models



Chapter Objectives

Assessing Anna

Alternative Assessment Models

Breakpoint Practice

Performance-Based Assessment

Authentic Assessment

Judgment-Based Assessment

Portfolio Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Play-Based Assessment

Dynamic Assessment

Revisiting Anna

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Seven: Environmental Analysis



Chapter Objectives

Assessing Carlos

Early Childhood Environments

Environmental Analysis

Breakpoint Practice

Environmental Rating Scales

Breakpoint Practice

Functional Behavioral Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Supporting Assessment Tools

Breakpoint Practice

Environmental Analysis and Curriculum

Special Needs and the Learning Environment

Health and Safety

Families as Partners

Natural Environments

Relationships

Inclusion

Grouping

Scaffolding and Mediation

Embedded Instruction

Positive Behavioral Supports

Breakpoint Practice

Reassessing Carlos

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Eight: Observational Assessment

Chapter Objectives

Assessing Athena

Definitions

Rubrics

Breakpoint Practice

Observations

Breakpoint Practice

ABC Procedure

Observational Recording System

Recording Techniques

Breakpoint Practice

Checklists and Rating Scales

Checklists and Rating Scales for Autism

Checklists and Rating Scales for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Checklists and Rating Scales for Atypical Behavior

Checklists and Rating Scales for Environmental Assessments

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Athena

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References





Part III Developmental Domains



Chapter Nine: Sensory Assessment



Chapter Objectives

Assessing Louie

Vision Assessment

Visual Process

Vision Disorders

Breakpoint Practice

Visual Concerns

Functional Vision Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Assessment of Visual Motor Skills

Breakpoint Practice

Final Considerations

Hearing Assessment

Physiology of Hearing

Hearing Testing

Types of Hearing Loss

Etiology

Severity

Modes of Communication

Breakpoint Practice

Central Auditory Hearing Loss

Breakpoint Practice

Auditory Processing Tests

Breakpoint Practice

Assistive Technologies

Models of Assistive Technology

Assistive Technology Areas

Breakpoint Practice

Other Considerations

Breakpoint Practice

Sorting it Out

Breakpoint Practice

Failures in Self-Regulation

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Louie

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Ten: Cognitive and Social-Emotional Assessment



Chapter Objectives

Assessing Joey

Cognition and Social-Emotional Development

Major Theories

Piaget

Breakpoint Practice

Vygotsky

Breakpoint Practice

Multiple Intelligences

Social-Emotional Intelligence

Breakpoint Practice

Assessment of Cognition

Standardized (Norm-Referenced) Assessments

Criterion and Curriculum-Referenced Assessments

Breakpoint Practice

Assessment of Social-Emotional Development

Assessment Tools for Social-Emotional Development

Breakpoint Practice

Assessment Considerations

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Joey

Activities

Websites

Key Terms

References



Chapter Eleven: Communication

Chapter Objectives

Assessing Anita

Definitions of Receptive and Expressive Language

Form, Content and Use

Breakpoint Practice

Assessing Language

Screening

Screening Tools

Breakpoint Practice

Comprehensive Assessment

Comprehensive Standardized Assessment Tools

Global Testing

General Language Tests

Receptive Vocabulary

Expressive Vocabulary

Auditory Comprehension and Discrimination

Pragmatic Language

Breakpoint Practice

Criterion and Curriculum Referenced Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Informal Measures

Language Samples

Dynamic Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Revisiting Anita

Activities

Key Terms

Websites

References



Chapter Twelve: Motor Development and Adaptive Skills

Chapter Objectives

Assessing Marcus

Motor Development

Gross Motor Development

Reflex Assessment

Breakpoint Practice

Muscle Tone

Breakpoint Practice

Gross Motor Milestones

Fine Motor Development

Breakpoint Practice

Self-help/Adaptive Development

Feeding

Development of Feeding Skills

Breakpoint Practice

Dressing

Grooming
Toileting
Breakpoint Practice
Self-Help Skill Assessments
Revisiting Marcus
Websites
Key Terms
References
NAME INDEX
SUBJECT INDEX